Foundation of building, as the name implies, is the starting of a building construction on site. Types of building, nature of soil, and environmental conditions are the major determinant of the type of foundation you will use for your building.
1) Strip foundation- This is the most common type, it is mainly used where you have strong soil base and non-waterlogged areas. Most small buildings of just a floor are constructed with this type of foundation. Depending on the structural engineer’s recommendation, the depth of your foundation could be from 600mm to 1200mm (mostly for small scale buildings). When the soil is excavated, a level at which the concrete will settle evenly is established, then concrete is poured. This may be from 150mm (6”) thick to 450mm (18”) thick, depending also on the type of building. After that, blocks are set round the trenches at the center of foundation; the foundation usually follows the block lines. The blocks are then laid to d.p.c level before another concrete is poured on top, this is the german-floor or oversite concrete. This type seems to be the cheapest.
2) Pad foundation- This is where isolated columns (pillars) are casted from the foundation to carry a slab at the top of the ground. This is mostly used when you want to make use of the under of building as parking space, or when the other space is not conducive to have foundation. Imagine you are planning to build a house across a flowing stream and you want a situation where you can use your boat to pass under the building because the stream is underneath. Then you may not need to dig foundation that would cut across the river; but just by applying columns (pillars) at the edge of the river like a bridge. These columns are thus isolated, and their foundations are referred to as pad.
3) Raft foundation- This is where you have concrete spread around your building from the base of foundation all through to the german-floor/oversite concrete/ground floor slab. It is mainly used in areas where the soils are sandy and loose. Most of the time, you spend more on this than the other previous two. It is also recommended in waterlogged areas, but with buildings of fewer storeys. It has ground beams which shoots out from the foundation base, and is also attached to the ground floor slab to form a network of concrete embedded round the building space. The ground beams are usually from 600mm to 1200mm for low buildings.
4) Pile foundation- This is the most expensive and the strongest type of foundation. This requires specialist engineering to construct. The soil is bored deep down the earth, and filled with concrete to be able to support loads of multi-storey building on top. Most skyscrapers are constructed with this type of foundation. A high building in a waterlogged area may also require this type of foundation. ...By Emma
Foundation of building, as the name implies, is the starting of a building construction on site. Types of building, nature of soil, and environmental conditions are the major determinant of the type of foundation you will use for your building.
ReplyDelete1) Strip foundation- This is the most common type, it is mainly used where you have strong soil base and non-waterlogged areas. Most small buildings of just a floor are constructed with this type of foundation.
Depending on the structural engineer’s recommendation, the depth of your foundation could be from 600mm to 1200mm (mostly for small scale buildings). When the soil is excavated, a level at which the concrete will settle evenly is established, then concrete is poured. This may be from 150mm (6”) thick to 450mm (18”) thick, depending also on the type of building. After that, blocks are set round the trenches at the center of foundation; the foundation usually follows the block lines. The blocks are then laid to d.p.c level before another concrete is poured on top, this is the german-floor or oversite concrete. This type seems to be the cheapest.
2) Pad foundation- This is where isolated columns (pillars) are casted from the foundation to carry a slab at the top of the ground. This is mostly used when you want to make use of the under of building as parking space, or when the other space is not conducive to have foundation. Imagine you are planning to build a house across a flowing stream and you want a situation where you can use your boat to pass under the building because the stream is underneath. Then you may not need to dig foundation that would cut across the river; but just by applying columns (pillars) at the edge of the river like a bridge. These columns are thus isolated, and their foundations are referred to as pad.
3) Raft foundation- This is where you have concrete spread around your building from the base of foundation all through to the german-floor/oversite concrete/ground floor slab. It is mainly used in areas where the soils are sandy and loose. Most of the time, you spend more on this than the other previous two. It is also recommended in waterlogged areas, but with buildings of fewer storeys.
It has ground beams which shoots out from the foundation base, and is also attached to the ground floor slab to form a network of concrete embedded round the building space. The ground beams are usually from 600mm to 1200mm for low buildings.
4) Pile foundation- This is the most expensive and the strongest type of foundation. This requires specialist engineering to construct. The soil is bored deep down the earth, and filled with concrete to be able to support loads of multi-storey building on top. Most skyscrapers are constructed with this type of foundation. A high building in a waterlogged area may also require this type of foundation.
...By Emma